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BACKGROUND:Few studies have examined how patients understand and use genomic test results when deciding about treatment. This study examined how women receive and incorporate results of Oncotype DX, a genomic test that offers recurrence risk estimates, into decisions about adjuvant treatment for early stage breast cancer.
METHODS:Participants in the cross‐sectional study were 77 women with early...
BACKGROUND:The use of adjuvant chemoradiation for pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) is accepted in North America, but there is a paucity of data to support this practice. The relation between adjuvant therapy and survival was assessed in a population‐based cohort of patients with PAC.
METHODS:A review was conducted of all cases of resected PAC from 1996 to 2003 using data from the state cancer registry...
BACKGROUND:The current study was performed to compare the clinical outcomes and toxicity in patients treated with postoperative chemoradiotherapy for gastric cancer using intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) versus 3‐dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D CRT).
METHODS:Fifty‐seven patients with gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer were treated postoperatively: 26 with 3D CRT and 31 with...
BACKGROUND:The clinical benefit of postoperative mediastinal radiation for completely resected Masaoka stage 2 thymoma remains controversial. Due to its indolent nature and infrequent recurrences, no study has definitively determined the optimal approach.
METHODS:We retrospectively reviewed 175 consecutive patients who underwent thymic resection from January 1990 to July 2008 at the University of...
BACKGROUND:We sought to identify the costs of adjuvant therapies following radical prostatectomy (RP) and factors associated with their receipt.
METHODS:We used SEER‐Medicare data from 2004‐2006 to identify 4247 men who underwent RP, of whom 600 subsequently received adjuvant therapies. We used Cox regression to identify factors associated with receipt of adjuvant therapies. Health care expenditures...
BACKGROUND:Previous studies evaluating the effect of cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) polymorphisms on outcomes of adjuvant tamoxifen therapy have been conflicting due to differences in study design, concomitant medications that alter CYP2D6 metabolism, and tamoxifen adherence.
METHODS:The authors performed CYP2D6 genotyping from whole blood and fresh frozen tumor samples (n 106) in patients at The University...
BACKGROUND:Incidence and mortality of breast cancer vary according to demographic factors such as age, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status (SES), and geographic region. This study assesses the variation of these factors in the use of adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) after breast‐conserving surgery (BCS) among 8 regions of California.
METHODS:The authors identified 85,574 cases of first primary female...
BACKGROUND:Extracapsular spread (ECS) is commonly used to justify adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with head and neck cancer. The role of ECS as a prognosticator and adjuvant therapy determinant in surgically resected, human papillomavirus‐related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), however, has never been determined.
METHODS:Of 210 oropharynx patients in a prospective transoral laser...
BACKGROUND:Ribonucleotide reductase M1 (RRM1) is an important molecule in different types of cancer. The objective of this study was to evaluate the predictive roles of RRM1 in the survival of patients with resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma who received treatment with gemcitabine or nongemcitabine adjuvant therapy.
METHODS:In total, 122 patients underwent tumor resection for pancreatic adenocarcinoma...
BACKGROUND:Although obesity is an established risk factor for developing colon cancer, its prognostic impact and relation to patient sex in colon cancer survivors remains unclear.
METHODS:The authors examined the prognostic and predictive impact of the body mass index (BMI) in patients with stage II and III colon carcinoma (N = 25,291) within the Adjuvant Colon Cancer Endpoints (ACCENT) database...
BACKGROUNDMetastatic tumor antigen 1 (MTA1) overexpression is closely associated with postoperative recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It has been suggested that pegylated interferon (Peg‐IFN) can prevent the occurrence of HCC in patients who have chronic viral hepatitis. In this study, the authors examined whether postoperative adjuvant Peg‐IFN therapy can reduce the recurrence of MTA1‐positive...
BACKGROUNDData suggest that weight, and specifically body mass index (BMI), plays a role in breast cancer development and outcome. The authors hypothesized that there would be a correlation between BMI and clinical outcome in patients with early stage, human epidermal receptor 2 (HER2)‐positive breast cancer enrolled in the N9831 adjuvant trial.
METHODSPatients were grouped according to baseline...
BACKGROUNDFor patients with adverse pathologic factors (positive surgical margins, extracapsular extension, or seminal vesicle invasion) on prostatectomy pathology, the use and timing of postsurgical treatments are controversial. The goal of the current study was to examine patterns of care in patients with a pathologic indication for postprostatectomy radiotherapy (RT) using the Surveillance, Epidemiology,...
BACKGROUNDThe current trial evaluated 2 common therapies for patients with advanced prostate cancer, docetaxel and hormonal therapy (HT), in the surgical adjuvant setting.
METHODSTAX‐3501 was a randomized, phase 3, adjuvant study post‐radical prostatectomy (RP) in high‐risk patients with prostate cancer (n = 228) comparing 18 months of HT with (CHT) without docetaxel chemotherapy either immediately...
BACKGROUNDRecombinant interleukin‐2 (rIL‐2) induces cellular cytotoxicity against leukemia blasts. Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in first complete remission (CR) may harbor minimal residual disease that is susceptible to rIL‐2–activated effector cells.
METHODSIn the Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) 19808 study, patients with AML in first CR were randomly assigned after all planned...
BACKGROUNDThis cooperative group adjuvant phase 2 trial in patients with completely resected stage I non‐small cell lung cancer with tumor diameters measuring ≥ 2 cm was designed to assess the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of assigning patients to therapy or observation using a molecularly based decision algorithm.
METHODSAt least a lobectomy and sampling of recommended mediastinal lymph node...
BACKGROUNDLittle is known about the factors that predict for gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) recurrence in patients treated with adjuvant imatinib.
METHODSRisk factors for GIST recurrence were identified, and 2 risk stratification scores were developed using the database of the Scandinavian Sarcoma Group (SSG) XVIII trial, where 358 patients with high‐risk GIST with no overt metastases were...
BACKGROUNDThe National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines recommend that patients with surgically resected head and neck cancers that have adverse pathologic features should receive adjuvant therapy in the form of radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiation (CRT). To the authors' knowledge, the current study is the first analysis of temporal trends and use patterns of adjuvant therapy for these patients...
BACKGROUNDThe literature investigating pancreatic invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) has largely come from small institutional studies, preventing adequately powered comparisons of adjuvant therapy versus surgery alone (SA) within specific patient subgroups.
METHODSPatients with resected, stage I through IV, invasive IPMN and conventional pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)...
BACKGROUNDThe role of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) in the treatment of small bowel adenocarcinoma is poorly defined. Previous analyses have been limited by small sample sizes and have failed to demonstrate a survival advantage.
METHODSPatients with resected small bowel adenocarcinoma (American Joint Committee on Cancer [AJCC] pathologic stage I‐III) who were receiving AC (n = 1674) or surgery alone...
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